Review on Clinical Trials of Black Seed Nigella sativa and Its Active Constituent, Thymoquinone PMC
Another clinical trial showed that NS oil intake (equivalent to oil obtained from 0.7 g of seeds) for 40 days caused a significant reduction of FBS and a significant rise of insulin in type 2 DM patients [32]. In still another study, the addition of NS oil at 5 mL/day to atorvastatin at 10 mg/day and metformin at 1 g/day was shown to have induced significant reductions in the TC, LDL-C, and FBS levels after 6 weeks of use in patients with insulin resistance [78]. Furthermore, according to a study performed by Hadi et al on 43 type 2 diabetic patients, after an 8-week treatment, the administration of NS oil extract at 1 g/day decreased the serum levels of TG, LDL-C, and TC, as well as the LDL-C to HDL-C ratio, significantly in comparison to the placebo [79]. Moreover, treatment with NS tea at 5 g/day added to the usual oral anti-diabetic drugs, diet, and exercise for 6 months led to significant decreases in the FBG, PPBG, and HbA1c level in type 2 diabetic patients [37]. Another clinical trial showed https://nigellaltd.com that the administration of NS at a dose of 2 g/day over a 12-week treatment caused significant decreases in the FBG, 2hPG, and HbA1c levels without any significant change in body weight [35]. In that study, insulin resistance, calculated by using a homeostatic model assessment, was also reduced while β-cell function was increased significantly.
Sensing a Healthier Future
TQ was shown to attenuate toxicity by the formation of a complex with Cr(VI) or by conversion of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) [283]. In another study with endothelial cells of human umbilical vein, TQ reduced 2-tert-Butyl-4- hydroquinone-induced cytotoxicity by anti-apoptotic and chromosome protecting effects. In several in vivo studies, TQ has shown its antioxidant-dependent antidotal effects against toxicities in rodents induced by malathion and fipronil [284,285] and diazinon [286]. TQ also reduced venom-induced acute toxic shock in male rats by antioxidant and antiallergic functions. Therefore, black cumin and its constituents, particularly TQ, could be a promising natural antidote due to its chelating ability, anti-allergic, anti-clastogenic, antioxidant and anti-apoptotic effects [287]. VerVita’s Black Cumin is a therapeutic grade essential oil of black cumin seed, revered for thousands of years as it was called a miracle cure.
- In addition, TQ (20 and 100 mg/kg) was reported to inhibit eEF-2K expression and suppress tumor growth and progression in an orthotopic TNBC xenograft mouse model [115].
- Furthermore, black cumin acts as an antidote, mitigating various toxicities and drug-induced side effects.
- They did not manage to conquer the southernmost point of India or the island of Sri Lanka.
- Reduced ROS levels also increase the bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO), which can significantly reduce blood pressure.
DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS CENTER
Black Cumin Seed Oil contains thymoquinone, nigellone, vitamin E, multiple forms of carotenoids, and beta-sitosterol. The Skin Deep data availability rating reflects the number of scientific studies about the product or ingredient in the published scientific literature. The Skin Deep ingredient hazard score, from 1 to 10, reflects known and suspected hazards linked to the ingredients.
Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Pharmacological Effects across Health and Disease Conditions
TQ also promoted the autophosphorylation of TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), reduced the mRNA expression of interferons (IFN-α and IFN-β), and downregulated the IRF-3 signaling pathways in LPS-stimulated murine macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells [38]. Current evidence of anti-inflammatory potentials of black cumin and TQ are promising, however, most of the studies so far have been conducted in animal models. Future studies should focus on determining the anti-inflammatory potential in ameliorating human disease conditions. Sativa seed (1, 2, and 3 g/day) in patients with DM-2 were also evaluated. A one g/day administration increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels after 3 months while two and three g/day of N. Sativa seed significantly decreased serum levels of total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) as well as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and increased plasma HDL-c [51].
Black Cumin Virgin Plant Oil
In addition, it can relieve most common nasal allergy symptoms, including congestion, sneezing, runny nose, and swelling of nasal walls. People who are pregnant or breastfeeding, people with bleeding disorders, and people who are scheduled to have surgery shouldn't consume black seed products. Also, avoid black seed if you’re taking medications, herbs, and supplements for blood pressure, blood sugar, blood clotting, sleep, low iron, anxiety, and depression. But talk with a doctor before starting it, and they can recommend the correct dose for you. You could get severe acute contact dermatitis (a serious itchy rash) when you apply black seed oil directly on your skin. People with type 2 diabetes who take black seed supplements have shown lower blood sugar levels, lowering their risk for future diabetes-related complications.
Black Seeds, Organic
Ebrahim M. Yimer developed the research conception and took the initiatives of this work and drafted the manuscript. Kald Beshir Tuem, Aman Karim, Najeeb Ur-Rehman, and Farooq Anwar provide greater contribution towards collecting, extracting, and organizing relevant data and also revising the review paper and agreed to be accountable for all aspects of the work.
Sativa that holds hope for future prevention and treatment protocols. These seeds, about the size of caraway seeds, contain a number of active ingredients, including a powerful compound called thymoquinone (TQ). Modulatory role of TQ in autophagy-an evolutionarily conserved cellular process that recycles defective and unwanted cell components and invading pathogens to retain cellular homeostasis has also been documented [297]. Protection against neuroinflammation by TQ in LPS-activated BV-2 microglia involved autophagy induction through activation and nuclear accumulation of SIRT1 [50]. Mitophagy, a form of autophagy that clears defective mitochondria, is regulated by parkin and Drp1 expression. An alteration of parkin and Drp1 expression may lead to impairment of mitophagy triggering apoptosis and neurodegeneration in the brain.
Expanding research and clinical options for children with cancer
This prompts the efforts to search some effective natural anticancer therapies alternative to currently employed chemotherapies with limited applications. The effect of black seed in different types of cancer cells is summarized in Table 2. As there are ten cancer hallmarks which are common to most tumors, TQ, a major active component of N. Another study was performed on 39 centrally obese men to evaluate the effect of NS on body weight, WC, and some biochemical parameters [33].
Black Cumin Seed
The major sterols identified were β-sitosterol, campesterol, stigmasterol, and 5-avenasterol [19, 22]. Tocopherols exhibited attractive scavenging potentials of free radicals which are believed to terminate lipids peroxidation [23]. The total tocopherol contents of black seed oil reported in varied quantities from diverse sources ranged from 9.15 to 27.92 mg/100 g. Among the foremost tocopherols recognized in black cumin seeds, α- and γ-tocopherol and β-tocotrienol are well recognized [19].
Additionally, a suggestion was made that NS and TQ utilization could prevent many disorders [6], including neurobehavioral [27], kidney [28, 29], and liver [4] disorders. For these reasons, in this review, we investigated the clinical uses of NS and TQ in the prevention and treatment of different diseases and morbidity conditions in humans. According to Mohammad et al., black cumin thought to trigger a rise in spermatogenesis hormones on pituitary gland, and an increase in the weight of reproductive organs.
If you plan on using it topically, be sure to do a patch test by applying a small amount first to make sure it does not cause an adverse reaction. Summary Kalonji can be eaten raw, added to dishes or mixed with honey or water. The oil can also be diluted and applied topically to the hair and skin or taken in supplement form.
In pregnant people, black seeds may slow down uterus contractions or even stop them if taken in large amounts. You may also use black seed oil for daily skin care to cleanse, moisturize, and manage skin irritation. Due to its antiseptic and antibiotic properties, black seed oil can help treat small skin cuts and prevent scar formation at the site of the cut.
What's the difference between cumin and black cumin?
Black cumin seeds look like cumin seeds but slightly differ in appearance and colour. While common cumin is tan-brown, black cumin seeds come in darker brown. Moreover, black cumin seeds are sleeker and have a milder flavour than their common counterpart.